مجله پژوهش های تاریخی ایران و اسلام
پیاپی 8 (بهار و تابستان 1390)

Justice, judge, justice, and justice of the essential functions of the political system in the history of ancient Iran, which has an important role in the regulation of relations between state and society. Despite the close relationship between religion and morality in the Sassanian era and the law and the role of the clergy in the judiciary, the judicial officer in the Sasanian empire. Justice and justice of the unique characteristics of the Sasanian kings who suffer hearing sat on the throne, and orders were issued non- violation. Due to radiation of religion on various aspects of political and social life, and judging procedure is based on Sharia of Zoroastrian texts of the Avesta and Pahlavi texts. Therefore, judges and judicial the were selected from Zoroastrian priests. This cross-sectional study approach to examine the foundations of legal rules and regulations, The Sassanid Empire and the Zoroastrian priests in the judicial proceedings and the enforcement of judgments and penalties in the period reviewed.

Tremblay said the interim government during the political transition after the transfer of power from one political system to another political system, composed Tremblay And ratification of a new constitution andThe establishment of new political institutions becomes the affairs of the country. Provisional Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, state that in order to address the situation, the command of Imam Khomeini was organized May 58, before the announcement of the resignation of Mehdi Bazargan for 9 months (275 days to be exact) to work was located.. After arriving on 12 Bahman 1357 Iran's Ayatollah Khomeini during his speech at the cemetery, Promises to the people and the revolutionary government established in the late Persian date Bahman 14 during the meeting that the presence of members of the Islamic Revolution in residence, 2 in St. Al Alawi also held in the school, Mr. Mehdi Bazargan as prime minister of the interim government was determined. Prime Minister Bazargan was mandated on 15 Bahman 1357 Coincided with the 6 Rabi 1399 and communicated to him on 16 Bahman 1357 in Hall amphitheater Alavi school was granted to him. this research is tryig to introduce breifly Mehdi Bazargan and provisional goverment, to investigate the reasons for his selection as prime minister, the principles of the rule of Imam Khomeini main tasks of the interim government, To investigate the reasons for his selection as prime minister, the main principles of Imam Khomeini's decree on the tasks of the interim government, the parallel institution and its effect on the differences in ideology and positions Imam and businessman, domestic policy and foreign relations, and eventually causes the collapse of the interim government (withdrawal) of the State.

The invasion of Mongols on Khorasan,and the situation Sassanidruletopositiontrade routes of Balkh, political and economicreasonshave changedmany times. Underthe Samanids, flourishingtrade relationsbetween Central Asia andIndia, the businesswas through Balkh road. During theGhaznavidfactors such asinsecurity in thetraderoutesfromChinaandIran,theTurkssettledinTransoxianaanddeclinin gsocio - economiccities ofTurkestanandtransoxiana to the cities of Khorasan, resultingin a loss ofimportanttrading routeBalkh.So thatit ismore appropriate Mahmoud Ghaznavisee thattrade withpoorcountriesof Central Asia will replace India's richland. Changing needs of there quisite pale international relations with Central Asiahas been Khorasan. In stead of replacing commercial communication Ghaznid uring the Seljuk Kerman, took Khorasana way from the highway commercial Balkh. It could bededucedthat commercial thorough fare Balkh, Khorasanand Chinastrade relationship madepossible, Samanids during the Mughal period from the passin gtrade and economic weakness. The maincause ofweakness, SahragardTurkswhocivilizedcountry-China and Iran have pushed the low level of culture andcommerce. As the Sahragard Mongols were able to capture both the land and therevival of the Silk Road trade.

Side of Buildings of the era of the establishment of offices to the garden of the museum is the topic of this research are discussed. Change the reign of Qajar to the Pahlavid throne by Reza Khan, and the event causing the plan to reform and modernize the Iranian government was formed. amongst in tenth of these changes was no exception. Offices in the city to such registration, Real Estate Registration and, Because of the need for a new government, they were, in the building as AaliQaapu, chehel-sotun, Hasht Behesht, Bagh-e-kag and, Agencies Were deployed. With the resignation of Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Shah's successor continued to change. Finally, with the power of global institutions and the preservation of historic buildings and also the depreciation and destruction of buildings was imported for the office, he issued a decree on the monuments of the museum garden. In this paper, is that the use of historical Buildings in the Pahlavid period, according to documents and resources the reviews Also known as AaliQaapu, chehel-sotun, Hasht Behesht had the same fate? The research hypothesis is that reconstruction efforts in building the modern state has been and the other this places the government for the damage they have been effective.

In the study of art history Qajar era, In addition to its aesthetic elements, Social processes, Historical and political role in the formation of such books should be considered the contract. These findings in no way detracts from the value of art-not, but the contribution of trans-aesthetic elements and their effects on art shows. Historical evidence can detect the influence of politics in art Qajar era, In particular, we reveal the state's policy elite. Titles public office, royal decrees, and Circulars government institutions and political themes evidenced art. In this paper, based on the evidence, How to deal with the political elite of artists and works of art and the consequences thereof is analyzed. On the theoretical foundation of this paper is inspired by the ideas of Foucault.

In the reign of NaserAldin Shah during the nineteenth century, the Iranian society was composed from different classes that in a perspective can place them in the three classes, upper strata of society, average and finally lower strata of society.Also classes exist are in the society that although have been wealth and position but have not been from political and military power that we have examined them, as cortex commons. Iranian society in this period no similarity to caste – like society in India and class society in Europe and have certain categories Iranian society that can research this matter with study power groups and deprived of the power that achieved to itʼs specific category. the society inferior people in the period of Nasery composed from classes such trades people and artisans and small merchants, lords of urban reveler, the disk, badgers, the Illinois, Farmers, Sadat and Darvishes. This groups in relation to each other and together and lived without contradiction that was among European floor and even co-operation between them was in every day. If Reveler(loty) would action from people in their neighborhood. we in this article are looking the lowest population that perhaps achieve to understanding of the covenant community and our guide in recognition of causes dimensional phenomena such as the Irans revolution.

Sasanian and Byzantine strong government relations in all the ups and downs of life Sassanid Empire and has been eventful. Although territorial disputes between Armenia and the Caucasus, especially in the tension between the government and the main factor driving pointless war or peace treaties But political rivalries, religious, economic and territorial differences between the Sassanid and Byzantine not less than any of them could get the government to the verge of a devastating war. All these, of course, was that each government would seek different rates depending on their interests of powerful rival of the disputes are. Khosrow Parviz Bahram Chubin rebelled and fled to the court of the Byzantine Empire, the Byzantine provides a golden opportunity to work with various scoring, For the first time in Iran's internal affairs and to play a major role in the king bed deposition.This article intends to study the question of whether the Byzantine Empire had a role in the rise of Khosrow Parviz, Hormovzd IV such as power supply arrangements riots in Iran and Bahram choobin. The king Khosrow Parviz and Bahram Choobin fled to the court of the Byzantine, the Byzantine court commitments to financial support, the emperor's military and how to return Khosrow Parviz to the throne of the Sassanid.

Quraysh tribe of Mecca by Qusay al-Club rose to power and was able to put Khzah floor and the Kaaba and Mecca to take. Thus the tribe of Quraish in Mecca took place and therefore "meeting" was called. Qusay organized various institutions established in Mecca and Kaaba and each of them was ruled by the leaders of the Quraysh. Traditions that Qusay created, Becme a sacred and inalienable traditions was to Quraysh. After the death of Qusay and subsequently sworn of Almytbyn and sworn of Alahlaf, different parts of the Quraysh was in the power Btvn. While social and political issues in the development and expansion factor idolatry among Quraysh. But it could be said Quraysh by religion, Commerce and their idolatry was not on the truth and purity. Quraysh tribes due to business travel to other Arab tribes to civilization, more and more experienced in government. In fact, economy and trade, and his policy was based on the positions of the Kaaba. Quraysh of Mecca contemporary social and cultural situation of Islam in a way had been prepared for the explosion to the holy prophet of Islam from the Quraysh in the Arabian Peninsula rose and created a huge transformation. This paper tries to evaluate the political, social, economic and cultural ignorance of Quraish in the descriptive analysis using the library studies.

One of the uprisings of the late Qajar period, was the uprising of Colonel Mohammad Taghi Khan Pesyan. He was dispatched as the of commander of Gendarmerie Force in Khorasan by Priminister Seyyed Zia's order, he arrested and sent the governor of Khorasan, Ghavam Alsaltaneh to Tehran. After the ouster of Seyed Zia Ghavam became prime minister, Mohammad Tagi Khan was fearful of him and opposed to his government. Ghavam After the disappointment of his consistency with the government, asked the governors and local chiefs of Khorasan for assistance. Among the local rulers, Shokat Almok because of political and military functions had an important role. He was received a mandate from Ghavam for Colonel repression, but instead of a military attack on him, tried to negotiate a way to end the crisis. But for some reason, neither he nor the Colonel had succeeded in path that they have chosen. This study seeks to concentrate on the remaining documents, the nature of the relationship between the central government in Khorasan region.